What is a car clutch[汽车修理知识]

carclutchLocated in the flywheel housing between the engine and the gearbox, the clutch assembly is fixed on the rear plane of the flywheel with screws. The output shaft of the automobile clutch is the input shaft of the gearbox.When the car is running, the driver can step on or release it as neededClutch pedal, So that the engine and the gearbox are temporarily separated and gradually joined to cut off or transmit the engine totransmissionEnter the power.

Clutch disengaged state Clutch disengaged state

The main functions of the clutch are:

1. Ensure that the car starts smoothly

The car is at a standstill before starting. If the engine and the gearbox are rigidly connected, once the gear is engaged, the car will suddenly rush forward due to the sudden connection of power, which will not only cause damage to the mechanical parts, but also the driving force will not be enough to overcome the forward rush of the car. The huge inertial force generated makes the engineRotating speedIt dropped sharply and stalled. If the clutch is used to temporarily separate the engine and the gearbox when starting, and then the clutch is gradually engaged, due to the phenomenon of slip and friction between the driving part and the driven part of the clutch, the torque transmitted by the clutch can be gradually increased from zero. The driving force of the car has gradually increased, allowing the car to start smoothly.

2. Easy to change gears

During the driving of the car, different gearbox positions are often used to adapt to changing driving conditions. If there is no clutch to temporarily separate the engine and the gearbox, the power transmission gears engaged in the gearbox will not be removed due to the load, and the pressure between the meshing tooth surfaces is very large and it is difficult to separate. The other gear to be meshed will be difficult to mesh because of the unequal peripheral speed of the two. Even if it is forced into the mesh, it will produce a great impact on the tooth end, which is easy to damage the machine parts. When the clutch is used to temporarily separate the engine and the gearbox and then shift gears, the pair of gears that originally meshed will be removed due to the load, and the pressure between the meshing surfaces will be greatly reduced, making it easy to separate. As for the other pair of gears to be meshed, since the driving gear is separated from the engine, the moment of inertia is very small. Using a suitable shift action can make the peripheral speeds of the gears to be meshed equal or nearly equal, thereby avoiding or reducing the impact between the gears.

3. Prevent the drive train from overloading

When the car brakes in an emergency, the wheels suddenly drop in speed, and the drive train connected to the engine still maintains the original speed due to the inertia of rotation.Transmission systemThe moment of inertia is much larger than the engine torque, which makes the parts of the drive train easily damaged. Since the clutch transmits torque by friction, when the load in the drive train exceeds the torque that can be transmitted by the friction, the driving and driven parts of the clutch will automatically slip, thus preventing the overload of the drive train. .

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