The "Proposals of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development" put forward the implementation of new energycarPromotion plan to improve the industrialization level of electric vehicles.
In May last year, President Xi Jinping pointed out during an inspection of SAIC that the development of new energy vehicles is the only way for my country to move from a major automobile country to a powerful automobile country. It is necessary to intensify research and development, study the market seriously, make good use of policies, and develop products that meet various needs to make it a strong growth point.
Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council, gave instructions on the National Energy Conservation and New Energy Automobile Industry Development and Promotion Symposium held on October 22. The instructions point out that: accelerating the development of energy-saving and new energy vehicles is an urgent task to promote the transformation and upgrading of the automobile industry, seize the commanding heights of international competition, and also an important measure to promote green development and cultivate new economic growth points. It is necessary to expand the market application of advanced and applicable energy-saving and new energy vehicles, blaze a new path for healthy and sustainable industrial development, and inject new impetus into economic growth and improvement of people's livelihood.
From the central leadership to the 13th Five-Year Plan, all have attached great importance to the development of new energy vehicles, closely linking the development of new energy vehicles with green development, improving the ecological environment, and building an automobile powerhouse. However, there are still some misunderstandings about what a new energy vehicle is. Some people confuse energy-saving vehicles with new energy vehicles, and some people label low-speed electric vehicles that are illegal products as new energy vehicles.
To popularize and promote new energy vehicles, we must first understand what a new energy vehicle is, and we need to popularize some basic knowledge of new energy vehicles.
Types of new energy vehicles
New energy vehicles refer to vehicles that use unconventional vehicle fuels as power sources, have advanced technical principles, and have new technologies and new structures. Including pure electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, extended-range electric vehicles, fuel cell vehicles, hydrogen-powered vehicles, etc.
The "Energy-saving and New Energy Automobile Industry Development Plan (2012-2020)" issued by the state in June 2012 clearly pointed out that new energy vehicles refer to vehicles that use new power systems and rely solely or mainly on new energy sources. This plan refers to New energy vehicles mainly include pure electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles and fuel cell vehicles.
Fuel cell vehicles currently have no domestic products, and currently domestic financial subsidies can be enjoyed. New energy vehicle models that are exempt from vehicle purchase tax are mainly pure electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles and extended-range electric vehicles. In addition to passenger cars and commercial vehicles, many pure electric and plug-in hybrid buses can enjoy state financial subsidies.
Pure electric vehicles refer to vehicles driven entirely by rechargeable power lithium batteries, including passenger cars and commercial vehicles. BYD is a domestic leader in new energy vehicles. In terms of pure electric vehicles, BYD's products include the e6 passenger car with a cruising range of 400 kilometers, the Dengshi sedan with a cruising range of 300 kilometers, the K9 electric bus with a cruising range of 250 kilometers, and a pure electric sweeper. The range of the series of pure electric vehicles launched by BAIC New Energy ranges from 150 kilometers to 260 kilometers. Domestic automakers such as JAC, Chery, Dongfeng Nissan, Zotye, and Zhidou have all launched their own pure electric vehicles.Imported pure electric vehicles on sale in China mainly include Tesla andBMWi3.BMW i3 can also be equipped with a small fuelDynamo, It becomes an extended-range electric vehicle.
The plug-in hybrid electric vehicle is equipped with two sets of drivers in one car, one is a pure electric driver, and the other is a kind of hybrid driver. The domestically-made plug-in hybrid passenger vehicles currently on sale in China mainly include BYD Qin and BYD Tang, as well as a model of SAIC Roewe. Domestic plug-in hybrid vehicles also include some imported cars, such as BMW i8 and Porsche, which also have a plug-in hybrid model for sale in the Chinese market.
In addition to the pure electric drive system, the extended-range electric vehicle adds a fuel engine to drive the generator. When the power is used up, the engine is started to generate supplementary power to increase the cruising range. The Chevrolet Volanda developed by General Motors is the most successful extended-range electric vehicle at this stage. It can travel 80 kilometers on a full charge, and can continue to travel 450 kilometers after the power is exhausted. At present, only GAC Group has developed a range of electric vehicles from Trumpchi GA5. The imported BMW i3 has an extended range version, which can double the range of the pure electric version to 320 kilometers when fully charged and full.
Hybrid power is an energy-saving car
Searching for new energy vehicles on Baidu will pop up a title of "Buy new energy vehicles and choose hybrid Camry". In fact, including the hybrid Corolla and hybrid Ralink that just went on the market, as well as the hybrid Prius, all belong to energy-saving vehicles, not new energy vehicles.
China's new energy vehicle production and sales are expected to reach 200,000 units this year, surpassing the United States to become the world's largest new energy vehicle market. The total production and sales of domestically-produced vehicles this year is expected to reach 24 million, of which less than 1% of new energy vehicles. For a long time to come, the proportion of new energy vehicles in the total number of vehicles will still be very low. The development of advanced and applicable energy-saving vehicles is very urgent for the energy-saving, emission reduction and technological progress in China's automotive sector.
Advanced and applicable energy-saving automobile technology, including advanced engine technology, gearbox technology, automobile lightweight technology, new material technology, and hybrid electric technology without mileage anxiety and charging.
Hybrid electric vehicles have significant energy-saving and emission-reduction effects. They do not need external charging, do not change batteries, and have no mileage anxiety. It is a very promising energy-saving vehicle. However, hybrid vehicles are not new energy vehicles but energy-saving vehicles, and they cannot enjoy national new energy vehicle subsidies and preferential treatments.
Low-speed electric vehicles are not new energy vehicles
The so-called low-speed electric vehicles mainly use lead acidAccumulatorIt is a vehicle that is driven and produced according to the standard of scenic sightseeing vehicles. This type of vehicle cannot be licensed or on the road according to regulations, and can only be driven in a specific area. Low-speed electric vehicles are not produced in accordance with automobile standards, and their collision standards cannot meet motor vehicle safety standards, so they cannot drive in motorized lanes. At the same time, technically, low-speed electric vehicles do not have the support for the core technology of new energy. Therefore, low-speed electric vehicles are not even cars, let alone new energy vehicles.
Recently, some low-speed electric vehicle manufacturers have changed their products to micro-electric vehicles, which is also unrealistic.
Mini electric vehicles are new energy vehicles driven by pure electricity on the basis of mini vehicles. It is a legal product designed and produced in accordance with the "Technical Conditions for Safety of Motor Vehicle Operation" and conforms to the national standard of "Technical Conditions for Pure Electric Passenger Vehicles".
At present, the mini-electric vehicle models currently on sale in China mainly include Kangdi, Eurolink, Zhidou d1 and d2, Chery qqev and Chery eq, and Zotye Cloud 100. These micro-electric vehicles can legally be licensed and run on the road legally.
An electric car is a car first, and it must meet all the standards of a car. The miniature car is the smallest car type. Due to its short body, light weight, small parking space, and no pollution, micro electric vehicles are very suitable for family use. However, low-speed electric vehicles do not belong to new energy vehicles, nor are they micro-electric vehicles. (Author Zhang Yi)
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