【Car owner's family car knowledge】Vehicle emergency repair is a temporary remedy for the failure of the car while driving. Therefore, the vehicle should be repaired according to normal requirements when it arrives at the destination to prevent larger failures and accidents.
1,First aid measures for leaking radiator pipes
When the radiator inlet and outlet hoses are slightly broken, they can be wrapped with cloth, or they can be wrapped with high-strength plastic cloth and cotton cloth to wrap the leaking place, and then tied with a thin wire rope for first aid.
If the inner core tube is leaking, the outer heat sink can be cut off and repaired by soldering with a tipped soldering iron or repaired by the take-over method. When the damage is serious, the core tube can be flattened and welded, or the two ends of the leaking tube can be blocked, and the number of blocked tubes shall not exceed 5%.
2,First Aid for Damaged Fan Belt
Once the engine fan belt is damaged, the "suture method" can be used, that is, drill several small holes at 1~2cm at each end of the distance, and sew the belt together with thin iron wire.
3.First aid measures for leaking carburetor float
The oil level in the float chamber rises due to the leakage of the float in the carburetor, and the mixture is too thick, causing the engine to run erratically and stuffy. This is a relatively common failure. In normal times, it can be repaired by welding repair or replacing the float. In the process of driving, when there is neither a float to replace nor a welding repair tool, the following measures can be taken:
Remove the float and put it into hot water (water temperature 95℃~100℃) with the broken part of the float facing upwards, the gasoline in the float will evaporate from the leaking place due to heat. The float was taken out of the hot water, placed in the air to cool naturally, and then repaired according to the following emergency measures.
3.1After heating with the battery sealant, apply it to the leaking place. For reliability, a small piece of plastic sheet can be used on the outside of the sealant asphalt to be heated and pasted.
3.2Fill cracks or breaks with epoxy glue, and scrape them flat to avoid increasing the weight of the float.
3.3Coat the leak with soap, or heat the bitumen and apply it to the leak to seal it, or ignite the rubber (or plastic sheet) until it melts and drop the melt on the leak to seal it.
4.First Aid Measures for Diaphragm Damage of Gasoline Pump
The rupture of the diaphragm of the gasoline pump will cause insufficient fuel supply, the car will be weak, and the engine will not be easy to increase the speed. Severe rupture will cause no oil failure.
The first aid measures are to disassemble the gasoline pump, disassemble the diaphragm group, replace the diaphragm to the middle layer, or stagger the rupture at a certain angle and then reassemble it for reuse. If the damage is serious, you can use rain cloth, plastic bags, synthetic leather and other pressure-resistant and oil-resistant items according to the conditions at that time, cut into a diaphragm shape and sandwich it between the old diaphragms. When the diaphragm ruptures and leaks too much gasoline into the crankcase, the oil should be replaced. If all the oil is replaced unconditionally, part of the oil in the crankcase should be released, and then the spare oil on the car should be added. At the same time, be careful not to drive at high speed, to prevent the crankshaft (or connecting rod) bearing from being burned out due to poor lubrication.
It should also be noted in the first aid for the damage of the gasoline pump diaphragm, the gasoline pump of the domestic automobile engine is generally disassembled in two, and it can be disassembled for maintenance in case of failure. Some imported cars such as Toyota 2Y, 3Y and other engine gasoline pumps are not removable, and can only be replaced after failure. For imported cars with older models, such as Toyota 12R, 5R, K and other engines, the gasoline pump can be removed. The diaphragm of the gasoline pump of the imported car engine is ruptured, and the diaphragm of the domestic car can be modified and replaced. In order to ensure the tightness during the assembly process, adhesive can be applied to the junction of the diaphragm, the splint, the pump body and the pump cover.
5.First Aid Measures for Capacitors
The function of the capacitor is to enhance the protection of the high-voltage spark from the contact from being ablated. When the capacitor is not well grounded or works poorly, the high-voltage spark will become weaker, resulting in a decrease in engine power, an increase in fuel consumption, and even difficulty in driving the vehicle. After the capacitor breaks down, the low-voltage circuit will be grounded, causing the engine to not run.
When the high-voltage spark is weak due to poor iron connection or poor internal contact, the bottom of the shell should be tapped lightly with a board to increase the contact pressure inside, and it can continue to be used. If the capacitor is broken down, you can disassemble the capacitor, find and cut off the aluminum foil or insulating wax paper on the broken down part, and then wrap it around and install it again.
6.First Aid Measures for Regulators
Most car charging systems use electronic regulators. Its function is to automatically limit the maximum output voltage of the generator. Once the regulator is damaged, it will cause a failure to charge. In this way, the running car will be directly powered by the battery, which is very unfavorable for the driver's safe driving.
In case of unconditional replacement, the wires on the "F" and "+" terminals of the regulator can be removed, and an 8~13 ohm resistor or a 12V light bulb can be connected between the two wires for first aid. Use for a long time to prevent damage to the battery due to excessive charging.
7.First aid measures for splitting the fire
A slight leakage of electricity from the sub-fire head will lead to weak high-voltage sparks, the muffler will make a rhythmic "sudden" sound, and even the gun will be fired and black smoke will be emitted, and the carburetor will sometimes backfire. When there is a serious leakage, the engine will not start.
For the split burner with slight leakage, use sandpaper or a file to put the clean concave in the leakage area into the insulating tape with a thickness of about 1mm and flatten it. If there are cracks in the split burner, it can be melted with bitumen and dropped into the cracks, and then it can be used after reassembly. When the split burner is seriously damaged, remove a rubber dust cover on the jack beside the distributor cover, tie a metal wire or metal sheet (the length is the same as the original split burner) at its small end, and apply a rubber pad. Or plug with insulating tape to prevent leakage. Then put the big end of the dust jacket on the distributor cam to replace it.
8,When the distributor contact or cam is seriously damaged, it can be temporarily replaced by a horn relay. This is to use the opening and closing of the relay contact to replace the opening and closing of the distributor contact. The low-voltage circuit of the ignition system can be connected in parallel with the circuit diagram of the relay. After wiring, check the high-voltage flashover situation: turn on the ignition switch to the 1st gear, pull out the central high-voltage line so that it is about 5mm away from the body, and observe whether the flashover occurs. If there is no fire or there is a fire break, adjust the air gap of the relay contacts, and check whether the contacts are ablated or dirty; if the spark is weak, check whether the connections are reliable. It should be noted that this method will cause the ignition angle to advance by 25°~30°. Therefore, after reassembly, the distributor housing should be adjusted 25°~30° in the direction of ignition delay, then start the engine, and then turn the When the ignition time is adjusted to normal, you can continue driving.
9,First aid measures for damage to other parts
9.1When the steering tie rod is broken, it can be applied with a wooden stick and then fastened with an iron wire, and the steering can be controlled after the two ends are tightened by this method.
9.2Leaks in the fuel tank can be repaired with epoxy resin glue or smeared with soap, and large wounds can also be blocked with wooden plugs.
9.3If the instrument line or other places are grounded and discharged, it is difficult to eliminate it temporarily. You can suspend the live wire of these circuits to power off, and only supply power to the ignition system.
9.4If the additional resistance of the point coil is damaged, the switch of the ignition coil and the wiring of the switching power supply can be short-circuited to ensure that the engine works.
9.5If the generator assembly is damaged and cannot be repaired temporarily, all the generator wiring can be removed and suspended, and only the battery can supply power to the ignition system.
9.6If the valve spring is severely broken, the adjusting screw on the valve lifter of the cylinder can be removed to keep the valve closed to maintain the engine operation.
9.7If the front brake hose leaks and seriously affects the work of the brake system, the air path of the control valve leading to the front brake air chamber can be cut off to ensure the normal operation of the brake system.
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