Basic knowledge of battery

AccumulatorYescarAn indispensable part can be roughly divided into two types according to the types of batteries available in the market: traditional lead-acid batteries and maintenance-free batteries that have just been popularized in China in recent years. Lead-acid batteries are composed of positive and negative plates, separators, shells, electrolyte and terminal posts. The chemical reaction of its discharge is dependent on the active material of the positive plate and the active material of the negative plate in the electrolyte (dilute sulfuric acid solution). Next, the grid of the pole plate is made of lead-antimony alloy. The phenomenon of liquid loss occurs in traditional batteries during use. This is because the antimony on the grid will contaminate the lead on the negative plate, causing excessive decomposition of water, and a large amount of oxygen and hydrogen will overflow from the positive and negative plates, causing the electrolyte Reduce.
The maintenance-free battery is made of lead-calcium alloy. Because the battery uses the lead-calcium alloy as the grid, the amount of water decomposed during charging is small, and the amount of water evaporation is also low. In addition, the casing adopts a sealed structure to release sulfuric acid gas. Compared with traditional batteries, it has the advantages of no need to add any liquid, less corrosion to terminal posts, wires and body, strong resistance to overcharge, large starting current, and long power storage time. In recent years It is very popular in China.
The following introduces some issues that need to be paid attention to in the use and maintenance of batteries.
1. If the battery is not used for a long time, it will slowly discharge by itself until it is scrapped. Therefore, the car should be started every once in a while to charge the battery. Another way is to unplug the two electrodes on the battery. It should be noted that the positive and negative electrode wires should be unplugged from the electrode column. The negative wire must be unplugged first, or the connection between the negative electrode and the chassis of the car must be unplugged. Then unplug the other end with the positive sign (ten). The accumulator has a certain service life and needs to be replaced after a certain period of time. When replacing, follow the same order as above, but when connecting the electrode wires, the order is exactly the opposite, first connect the positive electrode, then the negative electrode.
2. The storage capacity of the battery can be reflected on the dashboard. When the ammeter pointer shows that the battery is insufficient, charge it in time. Sometimes it is found that the battery is not enough on the road, and the engine can’t start when it stops. As a temporary measure, you can ask other vehicles for help. Use the batteries on other vehicles to start the vehicle, and connect the negative and negative poles of the two batteries, and the positive and positive poles. .
3. The density of the electrolyte should be adjusted accordingly in accordance with the standards in different regions and different seasons.
4. When the electrolyte is deficient, distilled water or special rehydration should be supplemented. Do not use pure drinking water instead, because the pure water contains a variety of trace elements, which will cause adverse effects on the battery.
5. When starting the car, uninterrupted use of the starter will cause the battery to be damaged due to over-discharge. The correct way to use it is that the total length of each start of the car should not exceed 5 seconds, and the interval between restarts should not be less than 15 seconds. In the case of multiple starts and still can not start the car, it should be from the circuit,Ignition coilsOr find the cause in other aspects such as oil circuit.
6. In daily driving, you should always check whether the small holes on the battery cover are ventilated. If the small holes on the battery cover are blocked, the hydrogen and oxygen produced cannot be discharged. When the electrolyte expands, the battery shell will be broken and the battery life will be affected.
7. Check whether the positive and negative electrodes of the battery are oxidized. You can use hot water to pour the wire connections of the battery from time to time.
8. Check whether there is any aging or short circuit in each part of the circuit to prevent the battery from being decommissioned early due to over-discharge.