50 questions about automobile basic knowledge (1

1.carThe basic structure of which includes those parts?
Answer: Generally, the basic structure of commonly used cars is composed of four parts: the engine, the chassis and the electrical equipment.
2. What are the parts of a four-range gasoline engine?
Answer: The four-stroke gasoline engine is composed of a body, a crank connecting rod mechanism, a valve train cooling system, a lubrication system, a fuel system, and an ignition system (the diesel engine does not have an ignition system).
3. How does the four-stroke gasoline engine work cycle?
Answer: The working process of the engine is divided into four processes: intake, compression, work, and exhaust.The four-stroke engine combines these four processes inpistonCompleted within four strokes of the up and down movement.Intake stroke: inValveOpen, exhaust valves are closed. As the piston moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center, the volume above the piston increases and the pressure in the cylinder decreases, resulting in vacuum suction. Inhale the mixed gas into the cylinder. Compression stroke: The intake valve and exhaust valve are closed, and the piston moves from bottom dead center to top dead center to press the mixed gas into the combustion chamber. Working stroke: when the compression ends, the intake valve and exhaust valve are still closed,Spark plugAn electric spark is emitted to ignite the combustible mixture. The combusted gas expands violently, generating huge pressure, forcing the piston to descend rapidly and pushing it through the connecting rod.CrankshaftRotate and work. Exhaust stroke: The exhaust valve opens, the intake valve closes, and the piston moves from bottom dead center to top dead center to remove exhaust gas.
4. What are the functions and main parts of the body and the crank connecting rod mechanism?
Answer: The function of the body and the crank connecting rod mechanism is: the pressure of the gas acting on the top of the piston when the fuel is burned in the cylinder is changed intoCrankshaftThe high torque makes the crankshaft drive the working machinery to do work. The main parts of the body and crank connecting rod mechanism are cylinder block, cylinder head, piston, connecting rod, crank, flywheel, etc.
5. Explain the function and composition of the gas distribution mechanism?
Answer: The function of the gas distribution mechanism is to open and close the intake and exhaust valves at the right time according to the work needs, and promptly introduce combustible gas into the cylinder and exhaust the exhaust gas.At the same time, driveDistributor, Gasoline pumps and other parts for work. The main parts of the valve train include: intake valve, exhaust valve,CamshaftDrive parts, etc.
6. Explain the composition of the role of the cooling system?
Answer: The role of the cooling system is to dissipate the heat of high-temperature parts into the atmosphere to keep the engine working at normal temperature. The water cooling system is generally composed of the water jacket of the engine,Water pump,heat sink,fan,Thermostat, Water temperature gauge and water releaseswitchAnd other parts of the composition.
7. What is the normal water temperature of the engine? How to control the water temperature?
Answer: The normal working temperature of water-cooled engine should be 80-90 degrees. Take the Jiefang CA10B automobile as an example for the engine temperature. According to the engine temperature, you can pull out (that is, open) or push out (that is, open and close) the operating handle of the blinds in the cab to change the amount of air entering the radiator to adjust the engine temperature.
8.lubricating oilWhat is the role of?
Answer: The function of lubricating oil: lubricate all frictional parts, reduce frictional resistance, and reduce power consumption. Cooling effect: the circulating oil flows, which can remove the friction heat. Reduce the temperature of the machine parts. Cleaning function: wash away the impurities on the surface of the machine parts and reduce wear. Sealing function: keep the oil layer between the piston and the cylinder wall, which can increase the sealing performance.
9. How to check the oil level of the engine?
Answer: When checking the oil level of the oil pan, the car should be parked in a flat place, the engine should stop running and wait a while, then pull out the oil dipstick, wipe off the oil on the surface, and then remove the oil from the dipstick nozzle. Insert it to the end to determine the amount of oil.
10. What is the normal oil pressure of gasoline and diesel engines?