During the industrial revolution in Europe and the United States at the end of the 19th century, scientific and technological innovation activities were very active, and new products and inventions emerged endlessly. Edison invented the electric light, Bell invented the telephone, Marconi invented the radio, Maxine invented the machine gun, Carl Benz invented the car... New companies have sprung up, heralding that the human lifestyle will have a big Progress and improvement. On July 11, 1899, nine Italian entrepreneurs and Piedmont nobles used 80,000 lire of social capital to create the "Anonymous Automobile Factory in Turin, Italy", referred to as the fiat (Fiat) automobile factory. In the same year, Fiat's first car with 4hp came out. Eight cars with a shape similar to a horse-drawn carriage were produced in the first year.
Among Fiat’s shareholders, Giovanni Agnelli, a former cavalry officer, works hard. He admires progress, innovation and technology, and is a man of foresight. In 1902, he was elected as the executive director. He led the company to develop in two directions, namely, diversification of production and grasping the market dynamics with great prospects. In just a few years, Fiat has been able to grow rapidly, the number of employees has increased from 150 to 2500, and it has launched 12hp, 60hp, 100hp, 130hp cars and Fiat’s first truck. The 130hp sedan produced in 1907 had a top speed of 160 km/h, which was a remarkable achievement at the time. At the same time, Fiat began to produce engines for buses, ships and aircraft, and the products were exported to the United States and Australia. The outbreak of the First World War in 1914 forced Fiat to switch to war service, producing aircraft, machine guns, aero engines and other military products. As soon as the war ended in 1919, Fiat introduced compact cars such as the 501, 502, and 510, and Fiat’s first tractor: the 702.
In November 1920, Giovanni Agnelli was elected chairman of Fiat. In 1923, the Fiat Lingedo plant, which was constructed using the Ford production line idea of the United States, was completed. It was the largest automobile production plant in Europe at that time, adopted a new management model, and was an industrial symbol of Italy at that time. During the economic revival in the 1920s, Fiat developed a series of luxury cars and super sports cars, and the company merged with companies such as om and spa to expand the scale of production and product categories. In the early 1920s, Fiat designed and produced the fiat3000 light tank for the Italian army. He was the first Italian domestic tank and served until the Second World War. In 1923, Fiat started a cooperative project to manufacture trucks and cars in the emerging socialist country, the Soviet Union, in the form of transfer of production licenses.
In the 1930s, Fiat produced 518 and 527 luxury sedans and 508 and 500 compact cars. The 500 sedans are the first family cars in Italy for ordinary people. They are small, cheap, and have good performance. They are widely welcomed by the public. Produced until 1955. In 1936, Fiat successfully developed the 635rgl Norden bus with a gas generator, using wood as fuel.
World War II broke out in 1939. Fiat once again fully converted to serve the war. The war suffered a heavy blow to the Italian economy. Fiat’s production facilities were severely damaged. After the war, the entire Italian industry was in depression.
In the 1950s after the war, Italy’s economy developed rapidly. Fiat became the biggest beneficiary. It developed rapidly from automobile manufacturing, agricultural machinery products to the aviation industry. During the year, more than 4 million fiat600 vehicles rolled off the production line.
In the 1960s, Fiat’s fiat124 and fiat125 were among the best family cars in Europe. Fiat124 produced a total of 4 million cars in Italy. The Soviet Union also introduced the production line of the car to produce Lada cars. The production continued until the mid-1990s. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the final model Lada 2105 was also sold to my country in large quantities. exit. Poland introduced and produced fiat125. With the further strengthening of its strength, Fiat began to merge with other domestic automobile manufacturers. In 1969, Fiat merged with Lancia Automobile Factory and purchased 50% of the shares of Ferrari Factory, and transferred the world's first brand Ferrari in the sports car industry to itself. Under. Acquired Alfa Romeo in 1984 and Maserati in 1993, becoming a multi-brand automobile company. In order to facilitate operation, Fiat Automobiles became an independent company in the Fiat Automobile Group in 1979. Each brand in the Fiat Group maintains traditional characteristics. Fiat is economical, safe and reliable. Lancia cars with aristocratic ancestry maintain an elegant and noble style. Alfa Romeo is the symbol of modern sports cars. Maserati shows the essence of the Italian coupe. Ferrari is the best sports car in the world.
In 1980, Fiat produced a panda mini car designed by Giugiaro and created the concept of a small utility vehicle. The car is still in production. The Uno sedan, which was launched in 1983, has gained wide attention and has been criticized. It was the "Best Car" of 1984. Designed marketable cars for automobile factories in other countries, and designed the Glen sedan for Yugoslavia’s Hongqi Automobile Factory. Now Nanjing's Ingel sedan) has expanded its business areas. In the 1990s, competition in the global automotive industry has become more intense. Facing this severe challenge, the Fiat Group has taken positive measures. On the one hand, it has invested heavily in technological innovation, and on the other hand, it has adopted a global business strategy aimed at strengthening Cooperate with potential auto market development regions to jointly develop the market. During this period, Fiat continued to expand into foreign markets, export income accounted for 60% of total sales, and provided a series of popular products to the market. Lavaux and the 1996 Alfa Romeo 156 are both mainstream models in the European car market. The "Pario" series of cars launched in April 1996 and developed for the world car market are available in Poland, Brazil, and Brazil. Produced in Argentina and other countries, the output exceeded 1 million.
Now Fiat has gone through a bumpy road for 102 years. He has gone through difficult years and has developed into a pillar-type enterprise of Italian industry. In the new century, he is continuing to work hard towards the goal of becoming an international enterprise to occupy the leading position in the world of the automobile world in the future.
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