1. Why do we need to initialize
CleaningThrottleAfter the initialization is necessary, because the computer adjustment sectionValveWhen opening, there is a memory function, because there was a blockage of sludge in the past, in order to ensure the amount of air intake, the computer will automatically adjust the opening of the throttle valve to keep the air intake in a normal state. After cleaning, there is no clogging of sludge. If the throttle valve still maintains the previous opening, then the air intake will be too large. The result is that the engine shakes when starting, and the acceleration is weak, and the engine failure light may also be lit. Bright. Then why sometimes the engine can work normally without initializing the throttle after cleaning the throttle? That's because the throttle is not too dirty, and its intake has not changed much after cleaning. However, the change of the throttle valve after cleaning cannot be observed with the naked eye, so it should be initialized.
After cleaning the throttle, the opening of the throttle at idle speed will decrease. This shows that the electronic control unit has a learning function. Not only can the changes of component parameters be checked, but also the changes can be adapted. However, how does the electronic control unit know the initial parameters of the component?
This requires initialization. Before initialization, if the electronic control unit receives a throttle idling position voltage signal, but does not know its opening angle, this is because the electronic control unit does not yet know the throttle minimum idling position, the maximum Basic parameters such as the voltage value of the idle position. If the electronic control unit knows the minimum idle position and maximum idle position of the throttle, it knows the voltage range of the idle throttle potentiometer, and the electronic control unit knows the voltage values of the intermediate positions of the idle throttle potentiometer to know the idle speed. The characteristics of the throttle potentiometer. In this way, when the electronic control unit receives the signal voltage at any position, it can determine the opening of the throttle. Initialization is to let the electronic control unit understand the basic characteristics and basic parameters of the throttle body, so that it will automatically adjust the action of it and the throttle in the future operation.
Second, the initialized channel
Initialization refers to the artificial creation of a specific initial state, both with failureDiagnostic instrumentCommand the electronic control unit to do an initialization process, which is controlled by the electronic control unit and cannot be artificially interfered. Of course, there are also manual initialization methods, which will be introduced below.
3. When using the same instrument for initialization, why are the channels initialized for different models different?
This is because the function of initialization depends on the instrument, but the channel to be initialized depends on the software used by the electronic control system.
Fourth, the action of the component during initialization
The careful repairman may have heard the throttle body making a rattling sound during initialization, and you can see that the throttle valve is shaking. This is that the throttle does the following actions under the drive of the idle motor in the throttle body:
Close from the initial position to the minimum position, then open from the minimum position to the maximum position, and finally return to the initial position. At this time, the electronic control unit will record the three equal positions between the maximum, the minimum, and the maximum and the minimum. In this way, the electronic control unit recognizes the characteristics of the throttle body.
Five, under what circumstances need to be initialized
Based on the analysis of the above principles, when the factors affecting the coordinated work of the electronic control unit and the throttle body are affected, initialization is required, generally in the following 5 situations:
1. After the electronic control unit is replaced, the characteristics of the throttle body are not stored in the electronic control unit, and initialization is required.
2. After the electric control unit is powered off, the memory of the electric control unit is lost and needs to be initialized.
3. After replacing the throttle body, it needs to be initialized.
4. After replacing or disassembling the air inlet, the coordination of the electronic control unit and the throttle body will affect the control of the idle speed and need to be initialized.
5. After cleaning the throttle body, although the characteristics of the idling throttle potentiometer have not changed, the intake air volume has changed under the same throttle opening, and the idling speed control characteristics have changed and need to be initialized.
6. What are the consequences of not initializing
After repairing or replacing the above-mentioned components, if the initialization is not carried out, the electronic control unit and the idle speed control element will not work in harmony, which is manifested by inaccurate and unstable idle speed control, such as idle speed calling and high calling bottom, and idle speed is unstable. But this bad performance is temporary, because the electronic control unit has the function of learning and automatically adapting. It's just that this learning and adaptation process is not as fast and accurate as initialization.
In some models, after repairing or replacing the above components, not only initialization, but also the original learning value must be cleared. This is related to the model's software.
Seven, the method of manually initializing the throttle:
There are two ways to do initialization depending on the car:
1. Turn on the second gear of the key, which is the gear when the indicator is all on, and then wait for 20 seconds, step on the accelerator to the end, hold for about 10 seconds, release the accelerator, and close it.Ignition Switch, Pull out the key, the initialization is complete.
2. Turn on the second gear of the key, hold for 30 seconds, and then turn off the ignitionswitch, Pull out the key.
It should be noted that after the two methods are completed, you have to wait for a while before you can try to start a fire. Generally, wait for 15-20 seconds, then start the fire to see if the refueling is normal and the engine failure light is off. If it is unsuccessful once, do it a second time. Until it succeeds, it can generally be successful once, at most twice.
However, depending on the car, the restoration method is different. Some cars must be initialized through a computer. If this is the case, it is recommended that the car owner send the car to a store with professional equipment for cleaning.
8. How to prevent dirty throttle?
1. Use suitable engine oil.
2. Run at idle speed as little as possible.
3. HighRotating speedDon't shift gears at low speeds and high gears.
4. Often run at high speed and often pull speed.
5. Don't use inferior "large flow" style, change the air filter frequently.
Nine, about how long to clean the throttle
How long the throttle will be dirty depends on the quality of the air filter, the brand and quality of the oil used, the conditions of the road section, the air temperature, the engine operating temperature, driving habits and many other aspects.Even in terms of individuals, it is not possible to use a fixed number of kilometers to determine the time to clean the throttle. The interval between the first time the throttle is cleaned for a new car is the longest.CrankshaftThe constant condensation of oil and gas in the box vent pipe and intake duct will increase the frequency of cleaning, and different weather will also affect the speed of throttle fouling. Therefore, it is inaccurate to determine the interval of cleaning the throttle by the number of kilometers. Generally, when idling, traveling, accelerating or squeezing, or stalling occurs when driving, it is necessary to consider whether there is a problem with the throttle.
10. The price of cleaning the throttle
Generally cleaningcarThe price of parts depends on the difficulty of disassembly and assembly of the model, and there will be differences between repair shops and 4S shops in various regions.BMWGenerally 150-400 yuan/piece.
PS: I seriously despise the practice of some repair shops that do not remove the throttle valve and dry wipe on the spot. In the future, car owners and friends should not go to this shop again if they encounter this.
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