I just accompanied my friend to test drive Jaguar's F-PACE. After experiencing a period of floor oil, my friend was so excited, saying that the car has great handling and sporty appearance. Of course, the scene will not be demolished, but I found that many young friends opened their mouths and said that they should be "sporty" and "good control" when choosing a car, but in fact, the understanding of the word "control" is still unconceptual.
Although SUV can also be described as "good handling" to a certain extent, if we go deeper, "handling" is still learned, and especially a term that integrates the performance of the whole vehicle. So what exactly is the handling of a car? Let’s talk briefly in this issue:
Maneuverability, literally understood, is the degree to which a car is "easy to control", Including factors such as whether the steering is in line with the driver's intention, whether the acceleration is in line with the pedal depth, and how well the body motion can be coordinated while dealing with acceleration, deceleration, and cornering. Not to mention those supercars or professional racing cars, as far as our daily family cars are concerned, you can actually feel the existence of handling.
So what are the factors that determine manipulability in general?
Turn to
This is also the most basic understanding of "manipulability" for most people. It is true that the adjustment of the steering gear and the power assist system directly affects the accuracy of the steering. But compared to older models, no matter how much sporty current city cars are, because considering the “steering wheel thugs” problem of uneven roads and the “continuous correction of exhaustion” problems of straight-line driving, they have basically been tuned relatively softly-this That is why racers dare not drive leisurely with one hand even on straights, unless they are sincerely seeking death.
In addition, the handling of the rear-wheel drive may not be better. It is just a natural advantage. After all, the front-wheel drive car is responsible for driving and steering. If the load does not come, there will be "understeer". Now with the help of many steering assist systems The front-wheel drive vehicle has been greatly improved in handling. For example, the XDS curve control system of MG 6 recently corrected the steering problem by braking one wheel.
The variable steering ratio on the tenth-generation Civic is also a common technology to improve handling. By matching different steering gear ratios according to different vehicle speeds-you know, the so-called handling is really not very fast and extreme. What is reflected in the situation, even in daily driving, as long as it is "easy to control, human and vehicle integrated", it can be said to have good handling performance.
suspension
When it comes to the suspension problem, some people will also understand that the controllability of the hard suspension is good. This can also be established to a certain extent. After all, the harder suspension has a more direct road feel, more support, and a smaller roll gravity deviation. That's why many local tyrants fell apart after driving a Lamborghini and vowed not to buy this broken car again.
The roll problem derived from the suspension is also a good recipe for symptomatic "turning confidence". Therefore, Mazda Angkesaila has worked hard to study the GVC corner vector control system. Because of the tilt bar, the suspension, as the connecting part of the “shoes” and the “body”, is the direct communication between people and cars, and between cars and the road in terms of maneuverability.
Then choose the suspension in the hardest direction? That is basically equivalent to putting all the load on the tires, making it easier for the tires to reach their limit values. At this time, the car is actually more likely to lose control. You can simply understand the difference between the toughness and rigidity of a stick. Who Easier to break?
weight
Speaking of which, what about Lamborghini Sixth Element? The purpose of the all-carbon fiber body is to reduce the G value and enhance the handling.Every time the car turns, there will be centrifugal force pulling outwards. At this time, the weight of the car itself will become thisThe key factor of centrifugal force. In fact, this may also be the reason why Mazda has six more, and its handling is not as good as that of Jaguar and BMW. The lightweight aluminum alloy or even carbon fiber materials on people’s bodies cost it.
In addition, the weight ratio between the front and rear of the body is also a key factor. After all, this is a key factor to balance the load ratio of the front and rear wheels when a car is turning. Therefore, the Infiniti Q50, BMW 3 Series, Mazda MX-5, and Alfa Romeo all try to pursue the specific gravity of the front and rear bodies. The reason for reaching 50:50 is also the reason why some supercars such as Ferrari 458 and Mercedes-Benz SLS adopt mid-mounted rear-wheel drive.
high
Just finished talking about weight and centrifugal force, this height is easy to understand, and it is also the problem of the G value caused by centrifugal force, so many modified cars are not purely beautiful, but they are more grounded and better. Support these are closely related to maneuverability.Here comes back to the first question of my friend’s test-driving F-PACE, although it is already flatAthleticSUV, but this height is still too high.
Wheelbase
The longer wheelbase actually has an important impact on the tracking of the rear wheels and the minimum turning radius. I remember that there was a video test on the short-axle version and the long-axle version of the same model with a serpentine winding pile, and the result was at the speed per hour. And in the final time, the short-axis version is slightly better. If it is a JDM fan, you will find that Subaru STI, Mitsubishi EVO, Honda Type-R are very small; as for those super-long Mustangs, Camaro, etc., no one will mention their handling anyway.
Of course, a slight lengthening will have minimal impact on daily driving that will not reach the limit. Moreover, the longer itself is a favorite of the Chinese people. If you use "limit control" to talk about things, you must say you can't say your mother-in-law. But when buying a car in the future, it would be very embarrassing to ask why there is no longer version for a performance car.
brake
Since the control includes acceleration and turning, it must also include braking. In fact, in daily driving, in the evaluation of similar quality and similar weather, the braking distances of the same class models are actually not much different, so I won't go into details here. But as an important indicator of maneuverability, you must know that at that time, Fujiwara Takumi and the others did a lot of research on the ABS brake system.
Powertrain
The last-mentioned powertrain naturally includes an engine and a gearbox. The previous article emphasized that "handling" means "the car is as close to the driving intention as possible", so here is not the car that pushes the back with a light step, on the contrary, linearity is the most important indicator-how much do you need, It will give you as much, this is the reality of manipulability. If you can't figure out the degree of acceleration when you step down, it is a kind of "bad control".
This is probably the reason why natural aspiration still has a large number of loyal fans in the era when small-displacement turbines are prevalent. In addition to the more mechanical and primitive sound, the self-priming engine always maintains a rational temper and is most direct with the controller. communication.
Summarize:The last sentence has brought those "good handling" characteristics in daily driving:The steering is precise, the suspension is moderately hard, lightweight materials, the front-to-rear weight ratio is close to 50:50, the body is short and the wheelbase is moderate, the brakes are sensitive, and the power is linear.Of course, there are more factors that need to be integrated. The above points are just for young friends to add a little more fun to the daily choice of family cars.
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