10 years ago, if the car was installed withABS(Anti-lockBraking System), which not only shows that the safety performance of the car is outstanding, but also the grade is quite advanced. Today, ABS-equipped cars are quite common, and economical cars are also equipped with ABS.With the rightcarThe requirements for safety performance are getting higher and higher. Some middle and high-end cars are no longer satisfied with ABS. They are also installed with ASR (driving anti-skid system, also known as traction control system) or ESP (electronically controlled driving stability system), which makes the car's Safety performance is further improved.
The function of ASR is to control the slip rate within a certain range when the car accelerates, thereby preventing the drive wheels from sliding quickly. One of its functions is to improve traction; the other is to maintain the stability of the car. Driving on slippery roads, the drive wheels of a car without ASR will easily slip when accelerating; if it is a rear-driven vehicle, it is easy to flick its tail, and if it is a front-driven vehicle, it is easy to lose control of the direction. When there is ASR, the car will not have or can alleviate this phenomenon when accelerating. When turning, if the driving wheel slips, the entire vehicle will shift to one side. When there is ASR, the vehicle will steer along the correct route.
The traction control of the car can be reduced byThrottleOpening to reduce engine power or byBrakeTo control wheel slip to achieve the goal, the car equipped with ASR integrates these two methods to work, that is, the ABS/ASR form.
1, wheel speedsensor, 2, hydraulic regulator, 3, control unit (CPU), 4, electronically controlled throttle device, 5, sectionValve
In cars equipped with ASR, the mechanical connection from the accelerator pedal to the gasoline engine throttle (diesel engine fuel injection pump control lever) is replaced by an electronically controlled throttle device.WhensensorWhen the accelerator pedal position and wheel speed signal are sent to the control unit (CPU), the control unit will generate a control voltage signal, and the servo motor will readjust the position of the throttle valve (or the position of the diesel engine joystick) based on this signal, and then The position signal is fed back to the control unit to adjust the brake in time. ESP (Electronic Stabilty Program, English full name Electronic Stabilty Program) includes ABS and ASR, which is an extension of the functions of these two systems. Therefore, ESP can be regarded as the most advanced form of anti-skid devices in current automobiles.
The ESP system consists of a control unit and a steering sensor (monitoringSteering wheelSteering angle), wheel sensor (monitoring the speed rotation of each wheel), side slip sensor (monitoring the state of the car body rotating around the vertical axis), lateral increasespeed sensor(Monitoring the centrifugal force of the car when turning) and other components. The control unit judges the running state of the vehicle through the signals of these sensors, and then issues control commands.
The difference between cars with ESP and only ABS and ASR is that ABS and ASR can only react passively, while ESP can detect and analyze the car's condition and correct driving errors, preventing problems before they occur. ESP is particularly sensitive to oversteer or understeer. For example, when a car turns left and oversteer when the road is slippery (turning too fast), it will flick to the right. The sensor will quickly brake the right front wheel to restore attachment when it senses the slip. Focus on producing an opposite torque to keep the car in the original lane. Of course, everything has a range of degrees. If a driver blindly drives a fast car, any current safety device can hardly guarantee its safety.
According to experts in the automotive engineering industry, ASR will become as popular as ABS in the future, because ABS, ASR and ESP include technical and performance connections. Some experts believe that ASR and other devices may replace 4-wheel drive within a certain range. Take a car, for example. In the past, people thought that the best way to improve the driving performance of a car was to use 4-wheel drive, but compared with 4-wheel drive, devices such as ASR are more suitable for cars. This is because the 4-wheel drive structure is complex and costly, increases vehicle weight and consumes fuel, while ASR and other devices are simple in structure and easy to install, and the effect of using them on general urban roads is not bad.
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